ABSTRACT We designed a chicken-meat hamburger enriched with ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cooked by sous-vide. The chicken meat used came from male BB chickens of the Cobb commercial line, fed for approximately 27 days with 3 isoprotein and isoenergetic diets based on: corn and soy; soybeans plus flax oil and soybeans plus fish oil. The hamburgers, made with a mixture of fresh skinless chicken breast and thigh meat, oat bran and a commercial mix of spices, were vacuum-packed and cooked at 80 °C for 10 min. Chemical analyses (moisture, fat, protein, fiber, thiobarbituric acid and fatty acid profile), color and texture profile were performed. The samples enriched with fish oil presented significantly higher values of docosapentaenoic acid (1.53 g of fatty acid per 100 g of fat) than the control sample (0.30 g of fatty acid per 100 g of fat). The sensory characterization was carried out by 54 consumers using the CATA methodology (check all that apply). The chicken-meat hamburger enriched with fish-ω3 oil was the most widely accepted by consumers. Therefore, a functional food product enriched with ω3 polyunsaturated acid close to the daily recommendation (250 mg) was designed. The sensory acceptability of consumers was found based on a pleasant taste, pleasant appearance and chicken flavor.

RESUMEN Se diseñó una hamburguesa de carne de pollo enriquecida con ácidos grasos ω3 poliinsaturados y cocida al vacío. La carne de pollo provino de pollos BB machos de la línea comercial Cobb, alimentados durante aproximadamente 27 días con 3 dietas isoproteicas e isoenergéticas en base a: maíz y soja; soja más aceite de lino y soja más aceite de pescado. Las hamburguesas, elaboradas con una mezcla de carne fresca de pechuga y pata muslo de pollo sin piel, salvado de avena y mezcla comercial de especias, se envasaron y cocinaron al vacío a 80 °C durante 10 min. Se realizaron análisis químicos (humedad, grasa, proteína, fibra, ácido tiobarbitúrico y perfil de ácidos grasos), color y perfil de textura. Las muestras enriquecidas con aceite de pescado presentaron valores significativamente mayores de ácidos docosapentaenoico (1,53 g de ácido graso por 100 g de grasa) que la muestra control (0,30 g de ácido graso por 100 g de grasa). La caracterización sensorial fue realizada por 54 consumidores utilizando la metodología CATA (marque todo lo que corresponda). La hamburguesa de pollo y enriquecida con aceite de pescado ω3 fue la más aceptada por los consumidores. Por lo tanto, se diseñó un producto alimenticio funcional en forma de hamburguesa de pollo que se enriqueció con ω3 poliinsaturados cerca de la recomendación diaria (250 mg), y se consideró un producto aceptable por el consumidor sobre la base del sabor agradable, apariencia agradable y sabor a pollo.

Abstract Preparing cooked food by sous vide is an alternative for the design of products that permit the consumer to eat quickly and practically, without losing the sensory and nutritional characteristics of foods. This study aimed to determine the sensory properties, the overall liking, and the consumer-consumption characteristics and predispositions regarding ready-to-eat high-nutritional-quality preparations made with locally produced vegetables and cooked by the sous vide technique. A vegetable millefeuille and a chicken and vegetable hamburger were prepared for sensory characterization. Questions related to the consumer's consumption characteristics and predisposition to purchase this type of product were incorporated into the survey. Consumers performed the sensory evaluation in their home, within the habitual living ambience where they consumed their usual diet. The results revealed that most consumers accepted both millefeuille (100 %) and chicken and vegetable hamburger (92 %) and also reported a predisposition for purchasing both preparations (87 % and 84 %, respectively). The main characteristics that made the consumption attractive were quality (95%), market availability (89 %), lack of practical cooking skills (87 %), the price (84 %), the shortness of time invested in preparation (78 %), and the consumer's occupation (73 %). These types of preparations constitute an innovative alternative for the design of products of higher nutritional quality, without ignoring the requirements for their consumption.

Resumo Preparações processadas pelo método sous vide são uma alternativa para o design de produtos que permitem ao consumidor comer de forma rápida e prática, sem perda das características sensoriais e nutricionais dos alimentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as propriedades sensoriais, a apreciação e as características e predisposições para o consumo de pratos prontos de alta qualidade nutricional, com vegetais produzidos localmente e cozidos pela técnica sous vide. Um folhado de vegetais e um hambúrguer de frango e vegetais foram preparados para a caracterização sensorial. Questões relacionadas aos hábitos do consumidor e à predisposição para compra deste tipo de produto foram incorporadas à pesquisa. Os consumidores realizaram a avaliação sensorial em sua casa, no ambiente habitual em que consumiram suas refeições habituais. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos consumidores aceitou o folhado (100 %) e o hambúrguer (92 %), e também relatou uma predisposição para a compra de ambas as preparações (87 % e 84 %, respectivamente). As principais características que atraíram o possível consumidor foram qualidade (95 %), disponibilidade no mercado (89 %), falta de habilidades culinárias (87 %), preço (84 %), escassez de tempo investido na preparação (78 %) e ocupação do consumidor (73 %). Esses tipos de preparações constituem uma alternativa inovadora para o design de produtos de maior qualidade nutricional, sem desconsiderar os requisitos para seu consumo.

Resumen La carne de pescado es altamente perecedera y microbiológicamente sensible. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la carne de boga (Leporinus obtusidens) y evaluar el efecto de impregnación a vacío con jugo de limón en sus características microbiológicas y fisicoquímicas. Se determinó humedad, proteínas, grasa, cenizas, pH y recuento de microorganismos indicadores en boga fresca. Los filetes fueron impregnados a vacío con jugo de limón durante 5, 10 y 15 minutos. Las muestras, fueron envasadas a vacío, almacenadas a 3 °C y se analizó variación de peso, pH, color superficial, índice de blancura (IB), nitrógeno básico volátil total (NBVT), recuentos de bacterias psicrótrofas y proteolíticas. La composición de la boga resultó similar a la informada por otros autores, los parámetros a* y b*, y el contenido de grasa fueron acordes a pescados grasos. Los recuentos de microorganismos indicadores resultaron aceptables, a excepción de las enterobacterias que se encontraron levemente aumentadas. La impregnación generó ganancia de peso, aumento de L* e IB, y disminución de pH y de bacterias psicrótrofas y proteolíticas. El NBVT disminuyó significativamente en la carne de boga impregnada por 15 minutos. Durante el almacenamiento, las muestras tratadas presentaron mayor pérdida de peso, en correspondencia con la ganancia generada por el tratamiento; se tornaron más claras; el NBVT se mantuvo constante y se redujeron las bacterias psicrótrofas y proteolíticas. La impregnación a vacío con jugo de limón resultó una tecnología viable para extender la vida útil de la carne de pescado refrigerada hasta cuatro días después del fileteado.

Abstract Fresh fish is extremely perishable and sensitive to microbiological contamination. The objective of this work was to characterize the boga fillets (Leporinus obtusidens) and evaluate the effect of vacuum impregnation with lemon juice on its microbiological and physicochemical characteristics. The moisture, proteins, fat, ash, pH, and count of indicator microorganisms in fresh boga were determined. The fillets were vacuum impregnated with lemon juice for 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The impregnated and control samples were vacuum packed, stored at 3 °C and the variation in the weight, pH, colour, whiteness index (WI), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN), and psychrotrophic bacteria and proteolytic bacteria counts were studied. Boga chemical composition was similar to the values found by other authors, and the colour parameters a* and b*, and the fat content were according to fatty fish. Indicator microorganism counts were adequate, except enterobacteria, which were slightly increased. Weight gain, an increase in L* and WI, and a decrease in pH, psychrotrophic bacteria, and proteolytic bacteria were generated by impregnation. The TVBN only decreased in boga fillets impregnated for 15 minutes. During storage, the treated samples showed a greater weight loss than the control one; these became clearer; the TVBN remained constant, and the psychrotrophic and proteolytic bacteria were reduced. Vacuum impregnation with lemon juice proved a viable technology to prolong the shelf life of chilled fish up to 4 days after filleting.